detect Ubuntu Pro/ESM extended support (#5028)

Mirrors the existing RHEL `ExtendedSupport` detector for Ubuntu so grype can
auto-enable its ESM distro channel on Pro/ESM-enabled scans.

`findUbuntuFeatures` sets `linux.Release.ExtendedSupport` when the scanned OS is
Ubuntu and any of these hold:

- an uncommented apt source (classic `.list` or DEB822 `.sources`, or the
  ubuntu-advantage auth entry) referencing `esm.ubuntu.com`
- an enabled `esm-infra`/`esm-apps` service in the ubuntu-advantage
  `status.json` cache
- an installed dpkg package whose version carries an `[~+]esm` pocket suffix
  (the usual in-image signal, since containers are rarely Pro-attached)

The package fallback reads `s.Artifacts.Packages` from the `DetectFeatures`
SBOM callback, which runs after package cataloging, so no new plumbing was
needed. Conservative by design: plain Ubuntu and disabled/commented ESM
evidence stay false.

Signed-off-by: Alex Goodman <wagoodman@users.noreply.github.com>

internal/os/testdata/ubuntu_esm_apt/etc/apt/sources.list.d/ubuntu-esm-infra.list

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+# Written by ubuntu-advantage-tools
+deb https://esm.ubuntu.com/infra/ubuntu focal-infra-security main
+# deb-src https://esm.ubuntu.com/infra/ubuntu focal-infra-security main
+
+deb https://esm.ubuntu.com/infra/ubuntu focal-infra-updates main
+# deb-src https://esm.ubuntu.com/infra/ubuntu focal-infra-updates main

internal/os/testdata/ubuntu_esm_authconf/etc/apt/auth.conf.d/90ubuntu-advantage

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+machine esm.ubuntu.com/infra/ubuntu/ login bearer password DUMMYTOKENREDACTED  # ubuntu-pro-client
+machine esm.ubuntu.com/apps/ubuntu/ login bearer password DUMMYTOKENREDACTED  # ubuntu-pro-client

internal/os/testdata/ubuntu_esm_deb822/etc/apt/sources.list.d/ubuntu-esm-infra.sources

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+Types: deb
+URIs: https://esm.ubuntu.com/infra/ubuntu
+Suites: noble-infra-security noble-infra-updates
+Components: main
+Signed-By: /usr/share/keyrings/ubuntu-pro-esm-infra-keyring.gpg

internal/os/testdata/ubuntu_esm_disabled/etc/apt/sources.list.d/ubuntu-esm-infra.list

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+# Written by ubuntu-advantage-tools
+# deb https://esm.ubuntu.com/infra/ubuntu focal-infra-security main
+# deb-src https://esm.ubuntu.com/infra/ubuntu focal-infra-security main

internal/os/testdata/ubuntu_esm_disabled/var/lib/ubuntu-advantage/status.json

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+{
+  "_schema_version": "0.1",
+  "attached": true,
+  "services": [
+    {
+      "name": "esm-apps",
+      "available": "yes",
+      "entitled": "yes",
+      "status": "disabled"
+    },
+    {
+      "name": "esm-infra",
+      "available": "yes",
+      "entitled": "yes",
+      "status": "disabled"
+    }
+  ]
+}

internal/os/testdata/ubuntu_esm_infra_only/var/lib/ubuntu-advantage/status.json

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+{
+  "_schema_version": "0.1",
+  "attached": true,
+  "execution_status": "success",
+  "services": [
+    {
+      "name": "esm-apps",
+      "description": "Expanded Security Maintenance for Applications",
+      "available": "yes",
+      "entitled": "yes",
+      "status": "disabled"
+    },
+    {
+      "name": "esm-infra",
+      "description": "Expanded Security Maintenance for Infrastructure",
+      "available": "yes",
+      "entitled": "yes",
+      "status": "enabled"
+    }
+  ]
+}

internal/os/testdata/ubuntu_esm_malformed/var/lib/ubuntu-advantage/status.json

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{ this is not valid json

internal/os/testdata/ubuntu_esm_status/var/lib/ubuntu-advantage/status.json

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+{
+  "_doc": "Content provided in json response is currently considered Experimental and may change",
+  "_schema_version": "0.1",
+  "attached": true,
+  "services": [
+    {
+      "name": "esm-apps",
+      "description": "Expanded Security Maintenance for Applications",
+      "available": "yes",
+      "entitled": "yes",
+      "status": "enabled"
+    },
+    {
+      "name": "esm-infra",
+      "description": "Expanded Security Maintenance for Infrastructure",
+      "available": "yes",
+      "entitled": "yes",
+      "status": "enabled"
+    },
+    {
+      "name": "fips",
+      "description": "NIST-certified FIPS crypto packages",
+      "available": "no",
+      "entitled": "no",
+      "status": "n/a"
+    }
+  ]
+}

internal/os/testdata/ubuntu_fips_only/etc/apt/sources.list.d/ubuntu-fips.list

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+# Written by ubuntu-pro-client
+deb https://esm.ubuntu.com/fips/ubuntu focal main
+# deb-src https://esm.ubuntu.com/fips/ubuntu focal main

internal/os/testdata/ubuntu_fips_only/var/lib/ubuntu-advantage/status.json

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+{
+  "_schema_version": "0.1",
+  "attached": true,
+  "execution_status": "success",
+  "services": [
+    {
+      "name": "esm-apps",
+      "description": "Expanded Security Maintenance for Applications",
+      "available": "yes",
+      "entitled": "yes",
+      "status": "disabled"
+    },
+    {
+      "name": "esm-infra",
+      "description": "Expanded Security Maintenance for Infrastructure",
+      "available": "yes",
+      "entitled": "yes",
+      "status": "disabled"
+    },
+    {
+      "name": "fips",
+      "description": "NIST-certified FIPS crypto packages",
+      "available": "yes",
+      "entitled": "yes",
+      "status": "enabled"
+    }
+  ]
+}

internal/os/testdata/ubuntu_plain/etc/apt/sources.list.d/ubuntu.sources

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+Types: deb
+URIs: http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/
+Suites: noble noble-updates noble-backports
+Components: main restricted universe multiverse
+Signed-By: /usr/share/keyrings/ubuntu-archive-keyring.gpg