fix: prevent redis classifier from detecting valkey (#4619)

Signed-off-by: witchcraze <witchcraze@gmail.com>

syft/pkg/cataloger/binary/classifiers.go

@@ -106,7 +106,12 @@ func DefaultClassifiers() []binutils.Classifier {
 		{
 			Class:    "redis-binary",
 			FileGlob: "**/redis-server",
-			EvidenceMatcher: binutils.MatchAny(
+			EvidenceMatcher: binutils.MatchAll(
+				// Negative Matchers to exclude valkey-server
+				binutils.MatchNone(
+					binutils.MatchPath("**/valkey-server"),
+				),
+				binutils.MatchAny(
 					// matches most recent versions of redis (~v7), e.g. "7.0.14buildkitsandbox-1702957741000000000"
 					m.FileContentsVersionMatcher(`[^\d](?P<version>\d+.\d+\.\d+)buildkitsandbox-\d+`),
 					// matches against older versions of redis (~v3 - v6), e.g. "4.0.11841ce7054bd9-1542359302000000000"
@@ -114,6 +119,7 @@ func DefaultClassifiers() []binutils.Classifier {
 					// matches against older versions of redis (~v2), e.g. "Server started, Redis version 2.8.23"
 					m.FileContentsVersionMatcher(`Redis version (?P<version>[0-9]+\.[0-9]+\.[0-9]+)`),
 				),
+			),
 			Package: "redis",
 			PURL:    mustPURL("pkg:generic/redis@version"),
 			CPEs: []cpe.CPE{

syft/pkg/cataloger/binary/testdata/config.yaml

@@ -625,12 +625,14 @@ from-images:
     paths:
       - /usr/local/bin/redis-server
 
-  - version: 9.0.0
+  - name: valkey-server
+    version: 9.0.0
     images:
       - ref: valkey/valkey:9.0.0@sha256:42ea97850708540d4e05f6241cfbd241c1ba502e64d9a42efb2c2e277a8ca9d6
         platform: linux/amd64
     paths:
       - /usr/local/bin/valkey-server
+      - /usr/local/bin/redis-server
 
   - version: 2.9.0
     images:

syft/pkg/cataloger/internal/binutils/classifier.go

@@ -120,6 +120,20 @@ func MatchAll(matchers ...EvidenceMatcher) EvidenceMatcher {
 	}
 }
 
+// MatchNone succeeds only if the matcher returns no results.
+func MatchNone(matcher EvidenceMatcher) EvidenceMatcher {
+	return func(classifier Classifier, context MatcherContext) ([]pkg.Package, error) {
+		match, err := matcher(classifier, context)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		if match != nil {
+			return nil, nil
+		}
+		return []pkg.Package{}, nil
+	}
+}
+
 type ContextualEvidenceMatchers struct {
 	CatalogerName string
 }

syft/pkg/cataloger/internal/binutils/classifier_test.go

@@ -243,3 +243,40 @@ func Test_SupportingEvidenceMatcher(t *testing.T) {
 		})
 	}
 }
+
+func TestMatchNone(t *testing.T) {
+	matchingMatcher := MatchPath("**")
+	notMatchingMatcher := MatchPath("will-not-match")
+
+	tests := []struct {
+		name     string
+		matcher  EvidenceMatcher
+		expected bool // true if MatchNone should succeed (inner failed)
+	}{
+		{
+			name:     "inner matches, MatchNone fails",
+			matcher:  MatchNone(matchingMatcher),
+			expected: false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "inner fails, MatchNone succeeds",
+			matcher:  MatchNone(notMatchingMatcher),
+			expected: true,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			pkgs, err := tt.matcher(Classifier{}, MatcherContext{
+				Location: file.NewLocation("some/path"),
+			})
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+			if tt.expected {
+				assert.NotNil(t, pkgs)
+				assert.Empty(t, pkgs)
+			} else {
+				assert.Nil(t, pkgs)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}