fix: Improve detection of erlang binary in alpine Linux (#3839)

Signed-off-by: Oleksandr Vodotiiets <alex.vodotiiets@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Oleksandr Vodotiiets <61548316+avodotiiets@users.noreply.github.com>

syft/pkg/cataloger/binary/classifier_cataloger_test.go

@@ -1067,6 +1067,17 @@ func Test_Cataloger_PositiveCases(t *testing.T) {
 				Metadata:  metadata("erlang-alpine-binary"),
 			},
 		},
+		{
+			logicalFixture: "erlang/26.1.2/linux-arm64",
+			expected: pkg.Package{
+				Name:      "erlang",
+				Version:   "26.1.2",
+				Type:      "binary",
+				PURL:      "pkg:generic/erlang@26.1.2",
+				Locations: locations("beam.smp"),
+				Metadata:  metadata("erlang-alpine-binary"),
+			},
+		},
 		{
 			logicalFixture: "swipl/9.3.8/linux-amd64",
 			expected: pkg.Package{

syft/pkg/cataloger/binary/classifiers.go

@@ -426,6 +426,10 @@ func DefaultClassifiers() []Classifier {
 					// <artificial>[NUL]/usr/local/src/otp-25.3.2.7/erts/
 					`(?m)/usr/local/src/otp-(?P<version>[0-9]+\.[0-9]+(\.[0-9]+){0,2}(-rc[0-9])?)/erts/`,
 				),
+				FileContentsVersionMatcher(
+					// [NUL][NUL]26.1.2[NUL][NUL][NUL][NUL][NUL][NUL][NUL]NUL[NUL][NUL]Erlang/OTP
+					`\x00+(?P<version>[0-9]+\.[0-9]+(\.[0-9]+){0,2}(-rc[0-9])?)\x00+Erlang/OTP`,
+				),
 			),
 			Package: "erlang",
 			PURL:    mustPURL("pkg:generic/erlang@version"),

syft/pkg/cataloger/binary/test-fixtures/config.yaml

@@ -71,6 +71,14 @@ from-images:
     paths:
       - /usr/local/lib/erlang/erts-15.0/bin/beam.smp
 
+  - name: erlang
+    version: 26.1.2
+    images:
+      - ref: hexpm/elixir:1.15.6-erlang-26.1.2-alpine-3.18.4@sha256:e84f6667f4e3d2fe00fcdb9d1c2cdd614733296c39b20b28b092743f1161bc11
+        platform: linux/arm64
+    paths:
+      - /usr/local/lib/erlang/erts-14.1.1/bin/beam.smp
+
   - version: 9.3.8
     images:
       - ref: swipl:9.3.8@sha256:6a15e6a03afe943228924a5502ba763e653ff28d9b3391e2b3e1fc3e991f37d4