Add detection of Erlang in Alpine linux (#2996)

Signed-off-by: Laurent Goderre <laurent.goderre@docker.com>

syft/pkg/cataloger/binary/classifier_cataloger_test.go

@@ -907,6 +907,17 @@ func Test_Cataloger_PositiveCases(t *testing.T) {
 				Metadata:  metadata("erlang-library"),
 			},
 		},
+		{
+			logicalFixture: "erlang/27.0/linux-amd64",
+			expected: pkg.Package{
+				Name:      "erlang",
+				Version:   "27.0",
+				Type:      "binary",
+				PURL:      "pkg:generic/erlang@27.0",
+				Locations: locations("beam.smp"),
+				Metadata:  metadata("erlang-alpine-binary"),
+			},
+		},
 		{
 			logicalFixture: "nginx/1.25.1/linux-amd64",
 			expected: pkg.Package{

syft/pkg/cataloger/binary/classifiers.go

@@ -393,6 +393,23 @@ func DefaultClassifiers() []Classifier {
 			PURL:    mustPURL("pkg:generic/erlang@version"),
 			CPEs:    singleCPE("cpe:2.3:a:erlang:erlang\\/otp:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"),
 		},
+		{
+			Class:    "erlang-alpine-binary",
+			FileGlob: "**/beam.smp",
+			EvidenceMatcher: evidenceMatchers(
+				FileContentsVersionMatcher(
+					// <artificial>[NUL]/usr/src/otp_src_25.3.2.6/erts/
+					`(?m)/src/otp_src_(?P<version>[0-9]+\.[0-9]+(\.[0-9]+){0,2}(-rc[0-9])?)/erts/`,
+				),
+				FileContentsVersionMatcher(
+					// <artificial>[NUL]/usr/local/src/otp-25.3.2.7/erts/
+					`(?m)/usr/local/src/otp-(?P<version>[0-9]+\.[0-9]+(\.[0-9]+){0,2}(-rc[0-9])?)/erts/`,
+				),
+			),
+			Package: "erlang",
+			PURL:    mustPURL("pkg:generic/erlang@version"),
+			CPEs:    singleCPE("cpe:2.3:a:erlang:erlang\\/otp:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"),
+		},
 		{
 			Class:    "erlang-library",
 			FileGlob: "**/liberts_internal.a",

syft/pkg/cataloger/binary/test-fixtures/config.yaml

@@ -63,6 +63,14 @@ from-images:
     paths:
       - /usr/local/lib/erlang/erts-14.2.4/lib/internal/liberts_internal.a
 
+  - name: erlang
+    version: 27.0
+    images:
+      - ref: erlang:27.0.0.0-alpine@sha256:82064a65eb1f9901a479d8ada5f622be3bfac8b474dfc876dc00c28fdef4b1b8
+        platform: linux/amd64
+    paths:
+      - /usr/local/lib/erlang/erts-15.0/bin/beam.smp
+
   - version: 1.21.3
     images:
       - ref: golang:1.21.3@sha256:3ce8313c3513515040870c55e0c041a2b94f3576a58cfd3948633604214aa811