chore: centralize temp files and prefer streaming IO (#4668)

* chore: centralize temp files and prefer streaming IO

Catalogers that create temp files ad-hoc can easily forget cleanup,
leaking files on disk. Similarly, io.ReadAll is convenient but risks
OOM on large or malicious inputs.

Introduce internal/tmpdir to manage all cataloger temp storage under
a single root directory with automatic cleanup. Prefer streaming
parsers (bufio.Scanner, json/yaml.NewDecoder, io.LimitReader) over
buffering entire inputs into memory. Add ruleguard rules to enforce
both practices going forward.

Signed-off-by: Will Murphy <willmurphyscode@users.noreply.github.com>

* chore: go back to old release parsing

Signed-off-by: Will Murphy <willmurphyscode@users.noreply.github.com>

* simplify to limit reader in version check

Signed-off-by: Will Murphy <willmurphyscode@users.noreply.github.com>

* chore: regex change postponed

Signed-off-by: Will Murphy <willmurphyscode@users.noreply.github.com>

* simplify supplement release to limitreader

Signed-off-by: Will Murphy <willmurphyscode@users.noreply.github.com>

---------

Signed-off-by: Will Murphy <willmurphyscode@users.noreply.github.com>

syft/internal/unionreader/union_reader.go

@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ func GetUnionReader(readerCloser io.ReadCloser) (UnionReader, error) {
 		return newReaderAtAdapter(r), nil
 	}
 
-	b, err := io.ReadAll(readerCloser)
+	b, err := io.ReadAll(readerCloser) //nolint:gocritic // buffering non-seekable to ReaderAt
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("unable to read contents from binary: %w", err)
 	}