feat: add package for go compiler given binary detection (#2195)

adds a unique synthetic package to the SBOM output that represents the go compiler when it is detected as a part of a package discovered by the go binary cataloger.

When using an SBOM generated by syft - downstream vulnerability scanners now have the opportunity to detect/report on the PURL/CPEs attached to the new stdlib package.
---------

Signed-off-by: Christopher Phillips <christopher.phillips@anchore.com>

syft/pkg/cataloger/golang/cataloger.go

@@ -4,14 +4,21 @@ Package golang provides a concrete Cataloger implementation for go.mod files.
 package golang
 
 import (
+	"fmt"
+	"regexp"
+	"strings"
+
 	"github.com/anchore/syft/internal"
 	"github.com/anchore/syft/syft/artifact"
+	"github.com/anchore/syft/syft/cpe"
 	"github.com/anchore/syft/syft/event/monitor"
 	"github.com/anchore/syft/syft/file"
 	"github.com/anchore/syft/syft/pkg"
 	"github.com/anchore/syft/syft/pkg/cataloger/generic"
 )
 
+var versionCandidateGroups = regexp.MustCompile(`(?P<version>\d+(\.\d+)?(\.\d+)?)(?P<candidate>\w*)`)
+
 // NewGoModFileCataloger returns a new Go module cataloger object.
 func NewGoModFileCataloger(opts GoCatalogerOpts) pkg.Cataloger {
 	c := goModCataloger{
@@ -47,5 +54,75 @@ func (p *progressingCataloger) Name() string {
 
 func (p *progressingCataloger) Catalog(resolver file.Resolver) ([]pkg.Package, []artifact.Relationship, error) {
 	defer p.progress.SetCompleted()
-	return p.cataloger.Catalog(resolver)
+	pkgs, relationships, err := p.cataloger.Catalog(resolver)
+	goCompilerPkgs := []pkg.Package{}
+	totalLocations := file.NewLocationSet()
+	for _, goPkg := range pkgs {
+		mValue, ok := goPkg.Metadata.(pkg.GolangBinMetadata)
+		if !ok {
+			continue
+		}
+		// go binary packages should only contain a single location
+		for _, location := range goPkg.Locations.ToSlice() {
+			if !totalLocations.Contains(location) {
+				stdLibPkg := newGoStdLib(mValue.GoCompiledVersion, goPkg.Locations)
+				if stdLibPkg != nil {
+					goCompilerPkgs = append(goCompilerPkgs, *stdLibPkg)
+					totalLocations.Add(location)
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	pkgs = append(pkgs, goCompilerPkgs...)
+	return pkgs, relationships, err
+}
+func newGoStdLib(version string, location file.LocationSet) *pkg.Package {
+	stdlibCpe, err := generateStdlibCpe(version)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	goCompilerPkg := &pkg.Package{
+		Name:         "stdlib",
+		Version:      version,
+		PURL:         packageURL("stdlib", strings.TrimPrefix(version, "go")),
+		CPEs:         []cpe.CPE{stdlibCpe},
+		Locations:    location,
+		Language:     pkg.Go,
+		Type:         pkg.GoModulePkg,
+		MetadataType: pkg.GolangBinMetadataType,
+		Metadata: pkg.GolangBinMetadata{
+			GoCompiledVersion: version,
+		},
+	}
+	goCompilerPkg.SetID()
+
+	return goCompilerPkg
+}
+
+func generateStdlibCpe(version string) (stdlibCpe cpe.CPE, err error) {
+	// GoCompiledVersion when pulled from a binary is prefixed by go
+	version = strings.TrimPrefix(version, "go")
+
+	// we also need to trim starting from the first +<metadata>  to
+	// correctly extract potential rc candidate information for cpe generation
+	// ex: 2.0.0-rc.1+build.123 -> 2.0.0-rc.1; if no + is found then + is returned
+	after, _, found := strings.Cut("+", version)
+	if found {
+		version = after
+	}
+
+	// extracting <version> and <candidate>
+	// https://regex101.com/r/985GsI/1
+	captureGroups := internal.MatchNamedCaptureGroups(versionCandidateGroups, version)
+	vr, ok := captureGroups["version"]
+	if !ok || vr == "" {
+		return stdlibCpe, fmt.Errorf("could not match candidate version for: %s", version)
+	}
+
+	cpeString := fmt.Sprintf("cpe:2.3:a:golang:go:%s:-:*:*:*:*:*:*", captureGroups["version"])
+	if candidate, ok := captureGroups["candidate"]; ok && candidate != "" {
+		cpeString = fmt.Sprintf("cpe:2.3:a:golang:go:%s:%s:*:*:*:*:*:*", vr, candidate)
+	}
+
+	return cpe.New(cpeString)
 }

syft/pkg/cataloger/golang/cataloger_test.go

@@ -3,6 +3,9 @@ package golang
 import (
 	"testing"
 
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+
+	"github.com/anchore/syft/syft/cpe"
 	"github.com/anchore/syft/syft/pkg/cataloger/internal/pkgtest"
 )
 
@@ -56,3 +59,30 @@ func Test_Binary_Cataloger_Globs(t *testing.T) {
 		})
 	}
 }
+
+func Test_Binary_Cataloger_Stdlib_Cpe(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name      string
+		candidate string
+		want      string
+	}{
+		{
+			name:      "generateStdlibCpe generates a cpe with a - for a major version",
+			candidate: "go1.21.0",
+			want:      "cpe:2.3:a:golang:go:1.21.0:-:*:*:*:*:*:*",
+		},
+		{
+			name:      "generateStdlibCpe generates a cpe with an rc candidate for a major rc version",
+			candidate: "go1.21rc2",
+			want:      "cpe:2.3:a:golang:go:1.21:rc2:*:*:*:*:*:*",
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tc := range tests {
+		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			got, err := generateStdlibCpe(tc.candidate)
+			assert.NoError(t, err, "expected no err; got %v", err)
+			assert.Equal(t, cpe.String(got), tc.want)
+		})
+	}
+}

syft/pkg/cataloger/golang/parse_go_binary.go

@@ -62,6 +62,7 @@ func (c *goBinaryCataloger) parseGoBinary(resolver file.Resolver, _ *generic.Env
 	for _, mod := range mods {
 		pkgs = append(pkgs, c.buildGoPkgInfo(resolver, reader.Location, mod, mod.arch)...)
 	}
+
 	return pkgs, nil, nil
 }
 

test/integration/go_compiler_detection_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+package integration
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/anchore/syft/syft/cpe"
+	"github.com/anchore/syft/syft/source"
+)
+
+func TestGolangCompilerDetection(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name              string
+		image             string
+		expectedCompilers []string
+		expectedCPE       []cpe.CPE
+		expectedPURL      []string
+	}{
+		{
+			name:              "syft can detect a single golang compiler given the golang base image",
+			image:             "image-golang-compiler",
+			expectedCompilers: []string{"go1.18.10"},
+			expectedCPE:       []cpe.CPE{cpe.Must("cpe:2.3:a:golang:go:1.18.10:-:*:*:*:*:*:*")},
+			expectedPURL:      []string{"pkg:golang/stdlib@1.18.10"},
+		},
+	}
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			sbom, _ := catalogFixtureImage(t, tt.image, source.SquashedScope, nil)
+			packages := sbom.Artifacts.Packages.PackagesByName("stdlib")
+
+			foundCompilerVersions := make(map[string]struct{})
+			foundCPE := make(map[cpe.CPE]struct{})
+			foundPURL := make(map[string]struct{})
+
+			for _, pkg := range packages {
+				foundCompilerVersions[pkg.Version] = struct{}{}
+				foundPURL[pkg.PURL] = struct{}{}
+				for _, cpe := range pkg.CPEs {
+					foundCPE[cpe] = struct{}{}
+				}
+			}
+
+			for _, expectedCompiler := range tt.expectedCompilers {
+				if _, ok := foundCompilerVersions[expectedCompiler]; !ok {
+					t.Fatalf("expected %s version; not found in found compilers: %v", expectedCompiler, foundCompilerVersions)
+				}
+			}
+
+			for _, expectedPURL := range tt.expectedPURL {
+				if _, ok := foundPURL[expectedPURL]; !ok {
+					t.Fatalf("expected %s purl; not found in found purl: %v", expectedPURL, expectedPURLs)
+				}
+			}
+
+			for _, expectedCPE := range tt.expectedCPE {
+				if _, ok := foundCPE[expectedCPE]; !ok {
+					t.Fatalf("expected %s version; not found in found cpe: %v", expectedCPE, expectedCPE)
+				}
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}

test/integration/regression_go_bin_scanner_arch_test.go

@@ -10,9 +10,9 @@ import (
 
 func TestRegressionGoArchDiscovery(t *testing.T) {
 	const (
-		expectedELFPkg   = 4
-		expectedWINPkg   = 4
-		expectedMACOSPkg = 4
+		expectedELFPkg   = 5
+		expectedWINPkg   = 5
+		expectedMACOSPkg = 5
 	)
 	// This is a regression test to make sure the way we detect go binary packages
 	// stays consistent and reproducible as the tool chain evolves

test/integration/test-fixtures/image-golang-compiler/Dockerfile

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+FROM golang:1.18.10-alpine